Utilitarianism - Morality Essay Example for Free

Utilitarianism ethics Es studyThe use of utilitarianism when make moral decisions leads to an injustice society, evaluate this claim. The use of utilitarianism is a controversial bow for many pile, some believe by using it, it scum bag bring gratification to the majority of society, others say by using utilitarianism it can take away peoples own judg custodyt making our society below the belt. Strengths of Benthams theory begin with the fact that utilitarianism offers a relatively straightforward method for deciding the chastely dependable course of action for any particular situation we whitethorn find ourselves in. Utilitarianism treats everyone the same, no one gets special(a) treatment due to their emotional or social attachments, and Bentham wanted us to strive for happiness, his principle of utility states the greatest happiness for the greatest amount of people. In order to make sure we follow this financial statement Bentham devised the voluptuous calculus as a way of measuring happiness this name was chosen base on its Greek meaning of pleasure.For many people happiness is an important aspect of decision making as it is their main aim in life, the Hedonic calculus assists us in our moral decision making because it covers all the aspects of happiness for non one but all, the outcome is not bias and takes everyones feelings into account, by having happiness as a basis behind how we make decisions it allows us to adopt a flexible relativistic approach to each situation, aiming for the greatest happiness for the greatest flesh is discourages selfishness which consequently leads to a better society due to everyone being fair and reasonable.Mel Thompson agreed with Bentham, he said that Act utilitarianism appears to be simple to follow, just aim to achieve the greatest happiness for the greatest number. The positive and negatively charged consequences of our actions can be measured. This gives us an objective, independent way of decid ing on what is right and wrong. Utilitarianism doesnt verify on specific beliefs about God this is helpful to all religious people and the growing number of atheists in our society.Utilitarianism is straight forward and based on the principle of minimising pain and maximising pleasure and happiness, it does not take into account religion, meaning the outcome may be more fair, some religious people have prejudices towards certain minorities meaning that women or homosexuals may be victimised, people who be religious may choose to do something because the bible says it, for example the slave trade was in the bible, but if they had used the indulgent calculus instead of the bible then it wouldnt of happened, furthermore is would of lead to a just society, other example would be if someone was racist and was about to make a decision about a black person using their mind then the outcome would be unjust, but if they used the hedonic calculus it would lead to justice because the hedon ic calculus does not take personal views into account.There are also many weaknesses to Benthams theory starting with the predilection that some things are unpredictable and we should not base our ethical choices on something that may or may not happen. Utilitarianism has a different system when it comes to justice, our normal idea of justice would relate to everyone being treated fairly, utilitarianism allows some people to be sacrificed for the greater good, some people would argue that this in unfair and leads to an unjust society.One of the main weaknesses of Benthams version of Utilitarianism is that in that respect is the potential to justify any act. This is because Benthams version is based, yes on the consequences of an action, but on the pleasure gained from an action. For example, if seven men were walking down an alley and stabbed a girl to death, then according to Benthams device The Hedonic concretion the amount of the mens pleasure would completely outweigh the am ount of the womans pain, and would therefore make the action of killing the women morally right.If you get rid of rules and allow people to choose to act in the greater good, they will in truth act selfishly, and then try to justify their actions by claiming they were in the greater good, this would also lead to an unjust society because people would and argue that they were trying to follow the hedonic calculus. Imagine someone killed one well-grounded person and gave their organs to save 5 others.The balance of happiness over harm supports doing this according to the hedonic calculus, but we know that it is not right, Another argument against utilitarianism would be the idea of happiness and how it differs depending on the individual, happiness is not the same for everyone, one persons happiness could be meaningless to another, this flaws utilitarianism due to the idea that it predicts that everyones idea of happiness is the same.Utilitarianism ignores the motives of actions, so long as the end is good, sexually this could mean that iniquitous means could be taken to obtain pleasure, so long as the pleasure outweighs any pain.In conclusion all the information shows that utilitarianism can help many people in the situations they may wait throughout their life, but altogether does lead to injustice with in society, this is because utilitarianism assumes you can know the definite root to every decision you make, this would be impossible for any human to achieve, the information leads to a conclusion that can justify evil acts, for example, if eight prison guards find a sense of happiness from beating the prisoners, then their acts of evil will be overlooked if someone was basing their decision on the hedonic calculus because in theory the happiness of the guards will out way the prisoners.